Historical events on March 5.

1558: Francisco Fernandes first used tobacco to make smoke.

1851: Establishment of the Geological Survey of In

1931: The Gandhi–Irwin Pact: a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, Viceroy of India, on this day, before the Second Round Table Conference in London.

1933: A severe recession caused US President Franklin D. Roosevelt to close all banks for a few days and ban financial transactions.

1966: A bill passed to take over a palace of King Wadiyar of Mysore in Bangalore.

1998: Sindhurakshak submarine, brought from Russia, arrived in Mumbai.

2000: The Kaiga nuclear power plant in Karnataka was dedicated to the country by Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

Famous birthdays and birth anniversaries – March 5

1512: Gerardus Mercator, a 16th-century geographer, cosmographer, and cartographer.

1911: Air Marshal Subroto Mukerjee, the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Air Force.

1913: Gangubai Hangal, an Indian singer of Hindustani classical music.

1916: Biju Patnaik, an Indian politician, aviator, and businessman.

1958: M. Nassar, an Indian film actor.

1963: Saurabh Shukla, an Indian film, theatre, and television actor.

Famous people died– March 5.

1827: Alessandro Volta, an Italian physicist, chemist, and pioneer of electricity and power.

1849: Mary Lyon, an American pioneer in women’s education.

1953: Joseph Stalin, Former Premier of the Soviet Union.

1989: Prithvi Singh Azad, an Indian independence activist, revolutionary, and one of the founder members of the Ghadar Party.

1995: Jalal Agha, an Indian actor, and director.

2016: Raymond Tomlinson, a pioneering American computer programmer who implemented the first email program.